STM

 

 

Current = k . e^--density_tip . e^--density_probe . e^{(s.barrier)1/2}      

 

AFM

 

 

Spring from :

                                  Si-nitride               10 ^-14 N

                                  Si-dioxide              10 ^-12 N

                                  Quartz fiber           10 ^-12 N

                                  Carbon fiber          10 ^-12 N

                                  Au-wire                  10 ^-10 N